J.C. Penney yellow gold heart pendant, Unwritten two-tone charm, Unwritten heart necklace, Fred Meyer diamond heart pendant, Target sterling silver necklace, and Berricle pave ring.
Happy Mother’s Day!
Category: feminism
The Paradox of the “Men’s Rights Movement”
All the problems that *certain men* complain about — male suicide, mothers gaining custody of children more often following a divorce, men dying from hazardous occupations, men going to war, and so on — are problems directly caused by patriarchy.
Men raised without the weight of toxic masculinity from their fathers, their brothers, their male friends, and their male coworkers, who felt encouraged to express emotion in the relatively uninhibited manner typically associated with femininity, and who felt like they could be open with their partners, seek therapy when needed, and ask people for help, would be less likely to commit suicide.
If half of all time spent on childcare was done by fathers, then the idea of granting custody to a father would bear no connotations different from those of granting custody to a mother.
If men did not harass women in male-dominated occupations, then more women would work in them. This includes the trades. This includes physically dangerous occupations that some women would take, both because college is expensive and because these jobs pay more than the retail and other service industry jobs that women with no college education are relegated to. That would make more women, and fewer men, *die at work*.
I oppose the draft. I oppose the Selective Service. It is unconstitutional. But if, for the sake of argument, the draft/Selective Service were allowed to remain, then I would support female inclusion. For every man who can serve on the ground, there is a woman who can serve in the air or at sea.
Maybe some men get sucked into believing that the aforementioned problems are WOMEN’S fault, and feminists’ fault, because most among this group have no concept of how millennia of legal, institutionalized, structural, systemic, and totalitarian oppression compounds and completely overtakes a society. They have no concept of the magnitude of the power of oppression based on innate, and easily identifiable, traits to erase the oppressed group. They do not understand the concept of supremacy. They don’t understand that “causing all problems” is a corollary of “controlling everything.”
They do not understand how the oppressive group — in this case, men — could possibly cause the majority of the world’s problems. It sounds pejorative. And yet, that is exactly what one would expect to happen when the other group (i.e., women) are not allowed to vote, work anywhere, buy anything, own anything, learn anything in school, even learn to read or go outside the house without a man. If women are all in the house watching children, cooking, and cleaning all the time, then how could they cause more than a minuscule fraction of the world’s problems?
The 21st century is no longer entirely like this, but mothers are STILL five times more likely than fathers to stay at home to raise children. Mothers are still SEVEN TIMES more likely than fathers to be absent from the workforce to raise children under 6. So yes, if there are more men working at companies, then there are more men behind the various problems wrought by these companies. Every American president has been a man. Those who blame presidents for the country’s problems, then and now, are blaming only men. 80 percent of Congress is male. This means men are disproportionately behind the problems that laws and government policies have wrought.
In this context, the idea of “blaming men” is merely a mathematical, logical conclusion. Some men then argue the flip side, that if men caused most of the world’s problems, then they also created most of the world’s solutions. But this argument is invalid, because women were categorically prohibited from creating the world’s solutions. The idea that we never could have if we had had the same freedom as men all along, and will never be able to, is nothing more than pure unadulterated bioessentialist misogyny.
Bioessentialist pseudoscience was just a relatively fancy, nineteenth-century way of saying that BIPOC and women were innately inferior, a *more modern* update to the old adage that their innate inferiority was proven by scripture. The twentieth and twenty-first centuries show a pattern of oppressive pseudoscientific claims being debunked. Because there is a greater genetic difference between different sexes versus different races, the debunking of sex-based pseudoscience has lagged behind the debunking of race-based pseudoscience, but the limit is approaching 0 practical difference in terms of who can do which jobs or tasks. Consider, among other things, the Flynn effect and the fact that greater *cognitive differences* between men and women *magically appear* in countries where women are more oppressed.
Now that we have taken out the bioessentialist trash, we can recognize that, as with every group project you have ever done, or every new person who has ever joined your group of friends, the equal participation of women in society will cause both new problems and new solutions. Because no person is perfect, and therefore no group of people is perfect. And yet, the more ideas there are in a meeting, or a company, or a country, or the world, the higher the quality of those ideas that rise to the top. The equal participation of EVERY group also would provide a sorely needed checks and balances mechanism to the biggest problems that we face today because they have run rampant, unchecked and unregulated, for so long. If two heads are better than one, then 7.9 billion heads are better than 3.95 billion.
In a male supremacist society, virtually all problems disproportionately faced by women versus men, AND virtually all problems disproportionately faced by men versus women, are the fault of men as a group. Because male supremacy isn’t some metaphysical force, it is only still around because individual men keep enforcing it (think of each man who contributes to the problem as one atom from an enormous form).
The goal of feminism is for there to be no problems — other than relatively trivial things like menstruation and nocturnal emissions, and the less than two years out of her entire life that the average woman desires to spend pregnant — that disproprtionately affect women OR men. This means we both go to war and we both die at work. And also that we both raise the children and we both do the cooking, grocery shopping, and housework. That we split the bill at restaurants, and that the concept of marital community property is irrelevant because we both make the same amount of money. No need to worry about gold diggers or hypergamy if men and women, on average, make the same!
Some people really need to stop perpetuating the very problems that they complain about.
Manhaters?
Men claim that when a woman doesn’t want to date men, she “hates men.” But a person doesn’t date everyone they don’t hate. You would have to date so many people!
After spending high school and college believing that I would “hurt a guy’s feelings” if I ever declined to give him my phone number, go on a date, or have sex with him, I finally established some boundaries. I don’t have to date someone if I don’t want to. I don’t have to have sex if I don’t want to. It’s my body. It’s my space. Just as sex with the wrong person can make you feel like your body has been violated, a relationship with the wrong person can make you feel like your emotions have been violated.
We do not demand that every Black person date a white person, for example. If a Black person does not want to date any white people, (most of us) white people can imagine why they might feel that way, and don’t go and argue with them about it. But women are made to feel that we are REQUIRED to date men. We HAVE to. Otherwise we are “man haters.” For women, we have to give our bodies, our hearts, and decades of our lives to prove that we aren’t bigots. Even if we are respectful and kind to our male coworkers. Even if we have platonic male friends. It’s a preposterous proposition.
But what about the survival of the species? you might ask. To which I say, the onus is on men. Don’t force us to have sex to keep the species going. Don’t force us to carry a pregnancy to term to keep the species going. Don’t force us to withdraw from our professions to give the species going. Respect us to keep the species going. Raise children as much as we do. The oppression of women doesn’t make the world go ’round, it makes the world go down.
There is also nothing inherently wrong with having and raising children outside of a romantic union. A society where it is difficult to raise children without engaging in the legal procedure of marriage is oppressive. That any two people are legally permitted to marry does not change this. The ability of a person of any gender and sexual orientation to comfortably have children and not be in a relationship if they don’t want to be (or if it doesn’t work out) is an important thing to strive for.
The supposed “man hatred” isn’t prejudicial in the way misogyny is and has always been. We’re hurt and we’re afraid. If you are honestly emotionally wounded about women “hating” you, and you’re not just saying it to harass women and censor women’s voices online, show us that we can trust you. Do the judicial, legislative, and cultural work so that the percentage of women who are raped by men is no greater than the percentage of men who are raped by women — so that men don’t feel entitled to sex and don’t fetishize rape, so that women are believed, and so that all rapists receive a criminal record and prison time. So that the statistics are that 50% of stay-at-home parents are men. Stop arguing if we say we don’t want to have sex. Stop following us home. Stop using degrading slang against us.
If you’re a nice guy who hasn’t done anything sexist, women still don’t owe you dating or sex. A woman saying no to sex with a man is not rude in the way that someone you know not saying “hi” back when you say “hi” to them is rude. Get back to me when, every time a man steps outside in an urban area, he can expect to be yelled at incessantly by women he doesn’t know on every block.
If all men have is, “We’ll say EVEN more disrespectful things to women if they won’t have sex with us,” that is not going to keep us down or make us come back.
No, Men Aren’t Better at Math
We all know the stereotypes. But where do they come from?
“Men are good at math, women are good at writing.”
Women were historically not allowed to do math. The ancient Greek female mathematician Hypatia was burned at the stake for “heresy” (keep in mind that Galileo……was merely sentenced to house arrest for heresy based on his discoveries.) Women were almost always excluded from university until the early 1900s. Sophie Germain (1776-1831) was an entirely self-taught number theorist who discovered a theorem and was praised by Carl Friedrich Gauss.
Married women were forbidden from managing money. A married woman who earned money did not own her money, it belonged to her husband. A woman could not legally get a credit card in her own name until 1974.
In contrast, writing novels was something women were permitted to do. Perhaps it was perceived by men as less of a threat than women making mathematical and scientific discoveries, and of course, there was no bigger threat to men than women managing money. Murasaki Shikibu wrote the first novel, “The Tale of Genji,” circa 1021. Writing novels was one of the very few ways, perhaps even the only way, an unmarried woman could make enough money to support herself financially. Writing novels was also something a woman could do from home. That is why we have seen relatively more notable female novelists than notable women from other professions. It is for no other reason than that women were not excluded from writing novels, but they were excluded from everything else.
Every profession, with the exception of novels and sewing, began as male dominated. The fewer women are in a profession, the more they are excluded and harassed by the men in that profession. As more women go into these professions, in spite of all the bullshit men throw at them, the amount of harassment decreases. And the stereotype declines. There was a time when, if you said, “Picture a psychologist,” everyone would have pictured a man. But I picture a woman, because 53% of psychologists are women now.
Patriarchy as a social system has differed across time and place. There is archaeological evidence that prehistoric humans (gatherer-hunters) respected women equally. Patriarchy is not biological. It’s not natural. It’s not caused by testosterone. Patriarchy can best be understood in the way war and genocide are understood, as methods of oppression and exploitation. Yet men have always used bioessentialism — the idea that everything men and women do, can do, and should be allowed to do, is determined by our biology — to justify patriarchy. Their biased pseudoscience has been debunked. So, let’s leave “men and women are hardwired for different things” at the door!
No, Women Don’t Have Better Social Skills
We all know the stereotypes. But where do they come from?
“Women have better social skills.”
Until about fifty years ago, the vast majority of women were relegated to the roles of wife and mother. Watch Pride and Prejudice. Parents pressured their daughters to be as charming as possible to catch the interest of a man and win his parents’ approval as well. To be a “good wife” was a woman’s JOB. Being a good spouse, a good partner, a good catch requires social skills. To do 100% of the raising of children also requires complex social skills. Think about the teachers you had in elementary school. Which ones the kids “liked,” which ones they didn’t. That was based on social skills. Raising or working with young children –> social skills. Men have always been taught that their aim in life should be to go for what they want, but women have been taught that their aim in life should be to please others. While going for what you want usually requires some social skills, pleasing others is, by definition, social skills.
This is more controversial, but it’s also not a stretch to imagine that a person barred from economic independence, who has to live with a physically bigger and stronger person to survive, might break out some *social skills* to make him less likely to batter her. For legal, economic, cultural, and physical reasons, women have always had to *understand* men to a greater extent than men had to understand women.
If we had a time machine and could go back and socialize with women from different eras, I think the women would have better social skills the farther back you go.
The transmission of social skills from mother to daughter is not hereditary, it is cultural. Mothers pass on to their daughters all the things that they personally deployed as women. Some of these lessons help, others keep the stereotypes going.
Think about young girls’ toys, movies, and books. They promote the cultivation of social skills. Being nice to each other. Getting along. Compromising. Apologizing and reconciling. (All of which are good things when men and women do them equally.)
I’m a girl who was a kid in the 90s and 00s. When I was a newborn, my dad’s friend asked him if he was going to “try for a boy.” My dad said, “What difference does it make?” Both my parents were egalitarian regarding gender, immigration, LGBT, race, everything. They raised me to do “boy stuff” and “girl stuff.” I was in organized sports every year ages 6-17. I grew up with no difference in my mind between being female and being male.
I also was a socially awkward child. I liked people and I wasn’t mean, I just didn’t really understand social interaction. What I really wanted was a manual with all the rules. In elementary school and middle school, before starting a conversation, I would write a list of things I could say to open it. From each thing I could say, I would do a flow chart of things the other person might say. I was trying to account for all the edge cases in advance and make sure that the conversation could not possibly fail.
Social skills are something I have worked on over time, because it’s important for everyone. I really enjoy spending time with other people and find them fascinating to get to know. I didn’t want to learn less about people I liked just because I was awkward and scared. This merely serves as just one example of a woman who was raised with a premise of gender equality from day one, whose social skills were not any better than the average boy or man. We all know men with great social skills and women whose social skills could improve.
So, this is where the stereotype comes from. History and culture. Not biology. So, let’s stop condoning these myths already! If you hear someone say women “naturally” have better emotional intelligence or social skills, call them out. Respectfully but firmly. If you hear someone say women have better emotional intelligence or social skills, but they don’t specify a biological component, they still might intend what they say to imply biology. Unless it is very clear that they are not implying any kind of biological component, it is important to clarify that any observable differences are due to socialization and not biology.
The proposition of women being biologically suited for different things entails that men are biologically suited for other things. Therefore, raving about all the things that women are supposedly “better at” actually hurts women. And whenever a trait is claimed to be biologically associated with women, there are men at the ready to pervert this notion and use it to disadvantage women. “I can’t be nice to women, because I’m a man and men biologically can’t be nice!” “I can’t listen to women, because I’m a man, men have naturally bad social skills, and therefore men just can’t listen!” “I can’t tell what’s offensive and what isn’t because I’m a man, and men biologically can’t pick up on these things!” “Male software engineers sexually harass women because we’re nerds, and nerds don’t have enough social skills to know what’s sexual harassment and what isn’t!” “It’s better for the mother to raise the children than the father. Fathers are just too insensitive. Guess that means women should drop out of the workforce to raise kids, and never come back!” There have been so many times when some guy told me that he wasn’t rude, he was just being a guy. The idea of a person taking PRIDE in their INABILITY to do something, or their own rudeness, sounds very strange on the surface, and yet men often loudly and proudly tout their inability to do skills coded as “girl stuff” or “woman stuff.” The idea that any man would take pride in his inability to parent sounds heartbreaking, and yet, Elon Musk referred to his son as an “eating, pooping machine” and proudly proclaimed that, “There’s really not much I can do about it.” So the man engineering electric cars can’t work out a diaper? And is willing to ADMIT it? There’s clearly more to that story, the “more” being that he thinks changing diapers is beneath him, but not beneath a woman. Slating some traits with men and other traits with women is never good when so many misogynistic men believe the most ignoble “guy thing” is better than the very best “girl thing.”
Patriarchy as a social system has differed across time and place. There is archaeological evidence that prehistoric humans (gatherer-hunters) respected women equally. Patriarchy is not biological. It’s not caused by testosterone. Yet men have always used bioessentialism — the idea that everything men and women can do, and should be allowed to do, is determined by our biology — to justify patriarchy. Their bioessentialism has been debunked. So if someone, female or male, uses a bioessentialist argument to support the idea that women are worthy of rights, workplace inclusion, and respect, it’s not a compliment and it’s not okay. Women deserve rights, workplace inclusion, and respect because we’re people. We don’t have to be innately better than men at anything to earn our keep.
Matrilineage
The most elemental meaning of “patriarchy” is the father as the head of the family. This ideology, which has wrought so much global oppression against women, is carried on in the tradition of a man’s wife, and all of his children, bearing his surname. I believe that true gender equality — equality of social status and respect, not just things like the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission — requires an equal passing down of the father’s and the mother’s birth surnames. To this end, I am partial to a matrilineage and patrilineage running in parallel for cisgender heterosexual family members, with case by case egalitarian modifications for LGBT family members.
To illustrate how this might work, as well as just a small taste of its power, I have traced back the matrilineal surnames of notable women a few generations.
THE BAUMFREE WOMEN — THREE GENERATIONS
(from Sojourner Truth)
- Baumfree, Elizabeth (c. 1777)
2. Baumfree, Isabella (1797-1883; daughter of Elizabeth) ~ suffragist and abolitionist
3. Baumfree, Diana (1815; daughter of Isabella)
Baumfree, Elizabeth II (1825; daughter of Isabella)
Baumfree, Sophia (1826; daughter of Isabella)
THE CAMPBELL WOMEN — FOUR GENERATIONS
(from Kim Kardashian)
- Campbell, Mary Jo (born 1934) ~ retail entrepreneur
2. Campbell, Kristen (born 1955; daughter of Mary Jo) ~ television host and talent manager
Campbell, Karen (born 1958; daughter of Mary Jo)
3. Campbell, Kourtney (born 1979; daughter of Kristen) ~ fashion designer and retail entrepreneur
Campbell, Kimberly (born 1980; daughter of Kristen) ~ fashion designer and cosmetics entrepreneur
Campbell, Khloe (born 1984; daughter of Kristen) ~ fashion designer and television host
Campbell, Kendall (born 1995; daughter of Kristen) ~ model and fashion designer
Campbell, Kylie (born 1997; daughter of Kristen) ~ cosmetics entrepreneur and fashion designer
4. Campbell, Penelope (born 2012; daughter of Kourtney)
Campbell, North (born 2013; daughter of Kimberly)
Campbell, Chicago (born 2018; daughter of Kimberly)
Campbell, True (born 2018; daughter of Khloe)
Campbell, Stormi (born 2018; daughter of Kylie)
THE DE SOLA WOMEN
(from Courtney Love)
de Sola, Candelaria
de Sola, Courtney ~ singer and actor
de Sola, Elsie ~ screenwriter
de Sola, Frances ~ visual artist and music journalism intern
de Sola, Jaimee
de Sola, Linda ~ author and marriage counselor
de Sola, Nicole
de Sola, Paula ~ author
THE DIXON WOMEN
(from Mary Wollstonecraft)
Dixon, Clara
Dixon, Eliza
Dixon, Elizabeth
Dixon, Everina
Dixon, Frances
Dixon, Mary ~ philosopher and historian
Dixon, Mary II ~ author
THE DLAMINI WOMEN
(from Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma)
Dlamini, Gugulethu ~ producer and actor
Dlamini, Msholozi
Dlamini, Nkosazana ~ politician and doctor
Dlamini, Nokuthula
Dlamini, Thuthukile ~ government official
THE DREW WOMEN
(from Jessica Simpson)
Drew, Ashley ~ actor and singer
Drew, Birdie
Drew, Jessica ~ fashion designer and actor
Drew, Maxwell
Drew, Tina
THE DUGAN WOMEN — FOUR GENERATIONS
(from Paris Hilton)
- Dugan, Kathleen (c. 1929)
2. Dugan, Kathleen II (born 1959; daughter of Kathleen) ~ fashion designer
Dugan, Kim (born 1964; daughter of Kathleen) ~ actor
Dugan, Kyle (born 1969; daughter of Kathleen) ~ actor
3. Dugan, Paris (born 1981; daughter of Kathleen II) ~ fashion designer and DJ
Dugan, Nicholai (born 1983; daughter of Kathleen II) ~ fashion designer
Dugan, Brooke (born 1986; daughter of Kim)
Dugan, Whitney (born 1990; daughter of Kim)
Dugan, Kimberly II (born 1995; daughter of Kim)
Dugan, Farrah (born 1988; daughter of Kyle)
Dugan, Alexia (born 1996; daughter of Kyle)
Dugan, Sophia (born 2000; daughter of Kyle)
Dugan, Portia (born 2008; daughter of Kyle)
4. Dugan, Lily (born 2016; daughter of Nicholai)
THE ECKHARDT WOMEN — FOUR GENERATIONS
(from Melanie Griffith)
Eckhardt, Dorothea (born c. 1897)
2. Eckhardt, Patricia (born c. 1927; daughter of Dorothea)
Eckhardt, Nathalie (born 1930; daughter of Dorothea) ~ actor and model
3. Eckhardt, Melanie (born 1957; daughter of Nathalie) ~ actor and producer
4. Eckhardt, Dakota (born 1989; daughter of Melanie) ~ actor and producer
Eckhardt, Stella (born 1996; daughter of Melanie)
THE FULTON WOMEN — FIVE GENERATIONS
(from Jane Birkin)
- Fulton, Mary
2. Fulton, Judith (1916 – 2004; daughter of Mary) ~ actor
3. Fulton, Jane (born 1946; daughter of Judith) ~ singer and actor
4. Fulton, Kate (1967 – 2013; daughter of Jane) ~ photographer
5. Fulton, Charlotte (born 1971; daughter of Jane) ~ actor and singer
6. Fulton, Lou (born 1982; daughter of Jane) ~ actor and singer
7. Fulton, Alice (born 2002; daughter of Charlotte)
8. Fulton, Jo (born 2011; daughter of Charlotte)
THE GARRITT WOMEN — TEN GENERATIONS
(from Queen Elizabeth II)
- Garritt, Mary (c. 1765)
2. Garritt, Frances (c. 1785; daughter of Mary)
3. Garritt, Anne (1805-1881; daughter of Frances)
4. Garritt, Caroline (1832-1918; daughter of Anne)
Garritt, Cecilia (c. 1835-1869; daughter of Anne)
Garritt, Gertrude (c. 1837-1865; daughter of Anne)
Garritt, Ida (1839-1886; daughter of Anne)
5. Garritt, Cecilia II (1862-1938; daughter of Caroline)
Garritt, Ann II (1864-1932; daughter of Caroline)
Garritt, Hyacinth (1864-1916; daughter of Caroline)
6. Garritt, Violet (1882-1893; daughter of Cecilia II)
Garritt, Mary II (1883-1961; daughter of Cecilia II)
Garritt, Rose (1890-1967; daughter of Cecilia II)
Garritt, Elizabeth (1900-2002; daughter of Cecilia II)
7. Garritt, Jean (1915-1999; daughter of Mary II)
Garritt, Margaret (1925-2016; daughter of Mary II) ~ personal assistant
Garritt, Mary III (1917-2014; daughter of Rose)
Garritt, Elizabeth II (born 1926; daughter of Elizabeth) ~ Queen of the United Kingdom
Garritt, Margaret II (1930-2002; daughter of Elizabeth) ~ Princess of the United Kingdom
8. Garritt, Annabel (born 1952; daughter of Margaret)
Garritt, Victoria (born 1953; daughter of Margaret)
Garritt, Anne III (born 1950; daughter of Elizabeth II) ~ Princess of the United Kingdom and Olympic equestrian
Garritt, Sarah (born 1964; daughter of Margaret II) ~ Princess of the United Kingdom and painter
9. Garritt, Zara (born 1981; daughter of Anne III) ~ Olympic equestrian
10. Garritt, Mia (born 2014; daughter of Zara)
Garritt, Lena (born 2018; daughter of Zara)
THE GOPALAN WOMEN — THREE GENERATIONS
(from Kamala Harris)
- Gopalan, Shyamala (1938 – 2009) ~ biomedical scientist
2. Gopalan, Kamala (born 1964; daughter of Shyamala)~ Vice President of the United States
Gopalan, Lakshmi (born 1967; daughter of Shyamala) ~ policy advisor and lawyer
3. Gopalan, Meenakshi (born 1984; daughter of Lakshmi) ~ fashion designer and lawyer
THE HARRIS MEN AND WOMEN
(from Neil Patrick Harris)
Harris, Harper
Harris, Neil ~ actor and television host
THE JUMPER WOMEN
(from Michelle Obama)
Jumper, Malia ~ politicial and television intern
Jumper, Marian ~ secretary
Jumper, Michelle ~ attorney and humanitarian
Jumper, Natasha ~ waiter and humanitarian
Jumper, Rebecca ~ nurse
THE KNOLL MEN AND WOMEN
(from Cynthia Nixon)
Knoll, Anne ~ actor
Knoll, Cynthia ~ actor
Knoll, Max
THE LESSER WOMEN
(from Beyonce)
Lesser, Agnes ~ seamster
Lesser, Beyonce ~ singer and fashion designer
Lesser, Blue Ivy
Lesser, Celestine ~ fashion designer and beautician
Lesser, Josephine
Lesser, Odilia
Lesser, Rumi
Lesser, Solange ~ singer and fashion designer
THE LESLIE WOMEN
(from Matilda Joslyn Gage)
Leslie, Dorothy
Leslie, Helen
Leslie, Jocelyn ~ activist and radio announcer
Leslie, Julia
Leslie, Matilda ~ suffragist and abolitionist
Leslie, Maud ~ sewing instructor
THE LIDDELL WOMEN
(from Elisabeth Luytens)
Liddell, Amanda
Liddell, Constance ~ suffragist
Liddell, Edith
Liddell, Edith II ~ author
Liddell, Eleanor
Liddell, Elisabeth
Liddell, Elisabeth II ~ composer
Liddell, Emily ~ writer
Liddell, Evelyn ~ farmer
Lliddell, Kathleen
Liddell, Mary
Liddell, Ruth
THE LIVINGSTON WOMEN
(from Elizabeth Cady Stanton)
Livingston, Anna
Livingston, Anna II ~ radio show host and humanitarian
Livingston, Anna III ~ speech writer and newspaper editor
Livingston, Anna IV ~ librarian and editor
Livingston, Anna V
Livingston, Elizabeth ~ suffragist and historian
Livingston, Harriet ~ suffragist and historian
Livingston, Harriet II
Livingston, Mary
Livingston, Nora ~ civil engineer and architect
Livingston, Rhoda ~ architect and activist
THE LOMBARDI WOMEN
(from Nancy Pelosi)
Lombardi, Alexandra ~ journalist and filmmaker
Lombardi, Annunciata ~ activist
Lombardi, Christine ~ political strategist and attorney
Lombardi, Jacqueline
Lombardi, Nancy ~ Speaker of the House
Lombardi, Nancy II
THE MARTIN MEN AND WOMEN
(from Ricky Martin)
Martin, Enrique ~ singer and actor
Martin, Lucia
THE MCCASKILL WOMEN
(from Whitney Houston)
McCaskill, Anne
McCaskill, Bobbi ~ singer
McCaskill, Delia
McCaskill, Delia II ~ singer
McCaskill, Emily ~ singer
McCaskill, Lee
McCaskill, Marie
McCaskill, Marie II ~ singer and television host
McCaskill, Whitney ~ singer and actor
THE MCGUIRE MEN AND WOMEN
(from Caitlyn Jenner)
McGuire, Brandon ~ singer
McGuire, Burt ~ racecar driver and businessperson
McGuire, Cailtyn ~ Olympic decathlete and businessperson
McGuire, Esther
McGuire, Sam ~ model and DJ
THE MERRITT WOMEN — FIVE GENERATIONS
(from Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis)
- Merritt, Margaret (1880-1943)
2. Merritt, Marion (1904-1947; daughter of Margaret)
Merritt, Janet (1907-1989; daughter of Margaret)
Merritt, Margaret II (1910-1991; daughter of Margaret)
3. Merritt, Jacqueline (1929-1994; daughter of Janet) ~ editor and photographer
Merritt, Caroline (1933-2019; daughter of Janet) ~ PR executive
Merritt, Janet II (1945-1985; daughter of Janet) ~ French teacher and activist
4. Merritt, Caroline II (born 1957; daughter of Jacqueline) ~ diplomat and attorney
Merritt, Anna (born 1960; daughter of Caroline) ~ Princess of Poland
Merritt, Alexandra (c. 1970; daughter of Janet II)
5. Merritt, Rose (born 1988; daughter of Caroline II) ~ actor and activist
Merritt, Tatiana (born 1990; daughter of Caroline II) ~ journalist and author
THE LAMB WOMEN — SEVEN GENERATIONS
(from Ada Lovelace)
- Lamb, Judith (born c. 1732)
2. Lamb, Judith II (born. c. 1762; daughter of Judith)
3. Lamb, Anne (1792-1860; daughter of Judith II) ~ educator and abolitionist
4. Lamb, Augusta (1815-1852; daughter of Anne) ~ mathematician and professional gambler
5. Lamb, Anne II (1837-1917; daughter of Augusta) ~ horse breeder
6. Lamb, Judith III (1873-1957; daughter of Anne II) ~ horse breeder and tennis player
7. Lamb, Anne III (1901-1979; daughter of Judith III)
Lamb, Winifred (1904-1985; daughter of Judith III)
THE MORSE WOMEN — SIX GENERATIONS
(from Laura Ingalls)
1. Morse, Martha (1782 – 1862)
2. Morse, Lydia (born 1805; daughter of Martha)
Morse, Charlotte (1809 – 1884; daughter of Martha)
Morse, Mary (born 1813; daughter of Martha)
3. Morse, Martha II (1837 – 1927; daughter of Charlotte)
Morse, Caroline (1839 – 1924; daughter of Charlotte) ~ teacher
Morse, Eliza ( 1842 – 1931; daughter of Charlotte)
Morse, Charlotte II (daughter of Charlotte)
Morse, Jane (daughter of Charlotte)
4. Morse, Mary II (1865 – 1928; daughter of Caroline) ~ made fly nets for horses
Morse, Laura (1867 – 1957; daughter of Caroline) ~ teacher and author
Morse, Caroline II (1870 – 1946; daughter of Caroline) ~ typesetter
Morse, Grace (1877 – 1941; daughter of Caroline) ~ journalist and teacher
5. Morse, Rose (1886 – 1968; daughter of Laura) ~ journalist and author
THE MURRAY WOMEN
(from Hillary Clinton)
Murray, Chelsea ~ news correspondent and author
Murray, Della
Murray, Dorothy ~ housekeeper
Murray, Hillary ~ university chancellor and secretary of state
THE NIEDBALSKI WOMEN
(from Alex Sykes)
Niedbalski, Alex
Niedbalski, Olivia
THE PASSIOS WOMEN
(from Carolina Herrera)
Passios, Ana
Passios, Carolina
Passios, Maria
Passios, Maria II ~ fashion designer
Passios, Mercedes
Passios, Patricia
THE PEOPLES MEN AND WOMEN — THREE GENERATIONS
(from Wanda Sykes)
- Peoples, Marion ~ banker
2. Peoples, Wanda ~ actor and comedian
3. Peoples, Lucas
THE PRICE WOMEN
(from Serena Williams)
Price, Oracene ~ tennis coach and nurse
2. Price, Isha
Price, Lyndrea
Price, Serena ~ tennis player and venture capitalist
Price, Venus ~ tennis player
Price, Yetunde ~ businessperson and nurse
THE PLANCHE WOMEN — FOUR GENERATIONS
(from Carla Bruni)
Planche, Renee
2. Planche, Marisa (daughter of Renee) ~ pianist and actor
3. Planche, Carla (daughter of Marisa) ~ singer and model
Planche, Valeria ~ actor and screenwriter
4. Planche, Giulia (daughter of Carla)
THE PORTELL WOMEN
(from Britney Spears)
Portell, Britney ~ singer and actor
Portell, Ivey
Portell, Jamie Lynn ~ actor
Portell, Lillian
Portell, Lynne ~ teacher and daycare worker
Portell, Maddie
THE ROBINSON WOMEN
(from Olave Baden-Powell)
Robinson, Agnes
Robinson, Anne
Robinson, Auriol
Robinson, Betty
Robinson, Eliza
Robinson, Heather
Robinson, Olave
THE ROBINSON WOMEN
(from Patti LaBelle)
Robinson, Barbara
Robinson, Bertha ~ domestic worker
Robinson, Jacqueline
Robinson, Patricia ~ singer and actor
Robinson, Vivian
THE ROSE WOMEN
(from Kelly Clarkson)
Rose, Alyssa
Rose, Jeanne ~ teacher
Rose, Kelly ~ singer and television host
Rose, River
THE ROSENBURG WOMEN
(from Dianne Feinstein)
Rosenburg, Betty ~ model
Rosenburg, Eileen ~ Electoral College member
Rosenburg, Dianne ~ senator and nonprofit executive
Rosenburg, Katherine ~ judge and attorney
THE SCHWAB WOMEN
(from Katy Perry)
Schwab, Angela
Schwab, Daisy
Schwab, Katheryn ~ singer and fashion designer
Schwab, Mary ~ pastor
Schwab, Pauline ~ Alcoholics Anonymous aide
THE SERGEANT WOMEN
(from Edith Ewing Bouvier Beale)
Sergeant, Edith ~ singer
Sergeant, Edith II ~ model and singer
Sergeant, Maude
Sergeant, Maude II
Sergeant, Michelle
THE SHERRARD WOMEN
(from Laura Bush)
Sherrard, Barbara ~ activist
Sherrard, Cora
Sherrard, Jenna ~ bookkeeper
Sherrard, Jenna II ~ news anchor and author
Sherrard, Jessie
Sherrard, Laura ~ teacher and librarian
Sherrard, Poppy
THE SIGGERS WOMEN
(from Aretha Franklin)
Siggers, Aretha ~ singer
Siggers, Barbara
Siggers, Carolyn ~ singer
Siggers, Erma ~ singer
Siggers, Sabrina
THE SMITH WOMEN
(from Demi Lovato)
Smith, Beverley ~ singer and musical theater actor
Smith, Dallas
Smith, Demetria ~ singer and actor
Smith, Dianna ~ cheerleader
Smith, Madison
THE STEWART WOMEN — SIX GENERATIONS
(from Martha Bulloch Roosevelt)
- Stewart, Martha (1799-1864)
2. Stewart, Susan (1820-1905; daughter of Martha)
Stewart, Anna (daughter of Martha)
Stewart, Martha II (1835-1844; daughter of Martha)
3. Stewart, Anna II (1855-1931; daughter of Martha II)
Stewart, Corinne (1861-1933; daughter of Martha II) ~ poet
4. Stewart, Corinne II (1886-1971; daughter of Corinne) ~ congressperson
5. Stewart, Corinne III (1912-1997; daughter of Corinne II)
6. Stewart, Corinne IV (daughter of Corinne III)
THE VAN LIMBURG-STIRUM WOMEN
(from Cara Delevingne)
van Limburg-Stirum, Anna
van Limburg-Stirum, Cara ~ actor and model
van Limburg-Stirum, Chloe
van Limburg-Stirum, Janie ~ personal assistant
van Limburg-Stirum, Pandora
van Limburg-Stirum, Poppy ~ actor and model
THE WILLIAMSON MEN AND WOMEN
(from Melissa Etheridge)
Williamson, Beckett
Williamson, Elizabeth ~ computer consultant
Williamson, Johnnie
Williamson, Melissa ~ singer
Williamson, Miller
When it comes to women taking their husband’s last name, and/or giving all her kids her husband’s last name, there seem to be two camps: those who support the woman’s choice to do so, and those who hate the woman for doing so. It’s easier to focus on the woman’s role than the man’s: after all, it is her name. But most women report making the “choice” due to intense pressure from their fiance and his family. One Australian family reported that, after passing on the mother’s surname to all their children, the father’s parents refused to have any communication with the children.
Patriarchy is an ideology and system invented by men. The Western brand originated in ancient Mesopotamia with the advent of mechanized agriculture, circa 10,000 BCE. Archaeologists have linked it to the invention of the plow. The plow thing is true of Eastern patriarchy as well. When one does genetic, archaeological, prehistoric, historical, and cross-cultural analyses, one will find that patriarchy is not a biological inevitability, it has not existed “for all of time,” and men’s attitudes toward women varied widely across cultures. Key moments in the proliferation of Western patriarchy include the Code of Hammurabi, the male Greek philosophers, the military exploits of Alexander the Great, the Bible, the Quran, global coercive conversion to Christianity and Islam, and of course, global colonialism by Christian Europeans and the genocide of Indigenous Americans, many of whom had much better attitudes toward women (the Haudenosaunees and the Tainos being just two examples).
The continuance of patriarchal traditions, norms, and stereotypes today are primarily the fault of men. Internalized misogyny, which takes different forms from woman to woman, is also primarily the fault of men: fathers, boyfriends, male bosses and coworkers, harassers and trolls, and sexist movies, music, and advertising written, directed, and financed primarily by men. Misogynistic men are evil because ignorance in 2022 is unforgivable. I obtained all the information in this post for free. “I didn’t know” isn’t true. It’s a lie. What they’re really saying is, “I don’t care to know.”
So while one should not go on a witch hunt (another ancient patriarchal tradition) for women who take their husband’s last name and give all their children, including their daughters, their husband’s last name, it is not unreasonable to hope for, and to even expect, more equitable traditions going forward. Always question the role of the man in the relationship. Sometimes a new surname really is 100 percent the woman’s idea: but most of the time it’s not.
I used Ancestry, combined with old family records of my grandmother’s, to trace my matrilineage back nine generations.
THE FITZGIBBON WOMEN — TEN GENERATIONS
- Fitzgibbon, Elizabeth (1749-1814)
2. Fitzgibbon, Bridget (1771-1869; daughter of Elizabeth)
3. Fitzgibbon, Catherine (born 1792; daughter of Bridget)
Fitzgibbon, Margaret (born 1796; daughter of Bridget)
Fitzgibbon, Bridget II (born 1815; daughter of Bridget)
Fitzgibbon, Ellen (born 1820; daughter of Bridget)
4. Fitzgibbon, Catherine II (born 1818; daughter of Margaret)
Fitzgibbon, Kate (1830-1891; daughter of Margaret) ~ housekeeper; immigrated from Ireland to the United States
Fitzgibbon, Bridget II (1833-1899; daughter of Margaret)
5. Fitzgibbon, Anna (1860-1935; daughter of Kate) ~ bridge foreman
Fitzgibbon, Bridget III (born 1869; daughter of Bridget II)
Fitzgibbon, Mary (1860-1939; daughter of Bridget II)
Fitzgibbon, Sadie (1874-1936; daughter of Bridget II)
6. Fitzgibbon, Kathryn III (1880-1964; daughter of Anna) ~ bookkeeper
Fitzgibbon, Ada (born 1883; daughter of Anna)
Fitzgibbon, Lillian (born 1886; daughter of Anna)
Fitzgibbon, Maud (born 1889; daughter of Anna)
Fitzgibbon, Marie (c. 1890; daughter of Mary)
7. Fitzgibbon, Alice (1905-1965; daughter of Kathyrn)
Fitzgibbon, Helena (c. 1908; daughter of Kathryn)
Fitzgibbon, Ada II (1917-1993; daughter of Kathryn)
Fitzgibbon, Camilla (1923-1993; daughter of Kathryn)
Fitzgibbon, Ada III (born 1920; daughter of Ada)
8. Fitzgibbon, Sylvia (born 1936; daughter of Alice) ~ nonprofit executive
9. Fitzgibbon, Dawn (born 1963; daughter of Sylvia) ~ paralegal
10. Fitzgibbon, Brette (born 1992; daughter of Dawn) ~ copywriter (That’s me!)
Fitzgibbon, Darin (born 1995; daughter of Dawn) ~ paralegal
I am going to legally change my last name to Fitzgibbon. When one changes one’s surname in marriage, the process is free and easy. But when one changes one’s given name or surname for another reason, it is expensive and arduous. One must pay $435 AND publish the proposed name change in a newspaper in case anybody objects! More evidence that our society promotes and rewards the suppression of female identity.
But I don’t care how inconvenient it is, I’m doing it ASAP. My matrilineal name will appear on my birth certificate. My social security card. My driver’s license. My passport. My death certificate. Everything I accomplish in this life from that point on will bear that name. And I will emblazon it with pride. My taking this name will honor all of my female ancestors, because for a woman to adopt a last name not assigned by a man is a revolutionary act. By reclaiming my matrilineage, I will be reclaiming my female history and identity, and proving that history need not always be written by the oppressors.
From the time I was an adolescent girl, I was taught not to expect much from a male romantic partner, to take what I could get. That’s not a good stereotype for anybody, but it’s true, this was and is the omnipresent message society gives me. In a country where only 20 percent of men are feminists, all a woman can do is shut up, find love, and not die alone, right? But I encourage every woman to stay true to herself, and to break up (or get divorced) from anyone who pressures her to make a choice she does not want to make. To understand that she absolutely deserves any perk a man gets — including passing down her last name to her children. It’s a way to claim history for a group of people — women — who are wrongfully assumed not to have any.
Female Self-Made Tech Billionaires
- Wang Laichun — $12B, Luxshare
- Zhou Qunfei — $12B, Lens Technology
- Zhang Fangqin — $7B, Lingyi
- Judith Faulkner — $6B, Epic Systems
- Meg Whitman — $5B, Hewlett Packard
- Thai Lee — $4B, SHI International
- Sheryl Sandberg — $2B, Facebook
- Jayshree Ullal — $2B, Arista
- Jane Yan — $2B, Venustech
- Safra Catz — $2B, Oracle
- Weili Dai — $2B, Marvell
- Radha Vembu — $2B, Zoho
- Qiu Minxiu — $1B, Jingsheng
- Peng Lei — $1B, Alibaba
- Liang Qin — $1B, Yangjie
- Whitney Wolfe Herd — $1B, Bumble
- He Qiongjiu — $1B, Hithink
- Dai Shan — $1B, Alibaba
- Neerja Sethi — $1B, Syntel
- Tong Wenhong — $1B, Alibaba
Most-Streamed Artists of 2020 — Gender-Balanced
Though this beleaguered year 2020 is not yet over, Spotify has released its Top Artists of 2020 USA list. Great songs, but I was quick to notice that the list is 82% male. That is not fair, that is not merit-based, and that did not happen by accident. There is no difference between female and male brains, and there’s nothing about the vagina that makes women inferior singers or songwriters. So what gives?
The answer is that there is sexism both in the music industry itself and among male listeners. Only about 22 percent of signed music artists are women, and women make up only 12 percent of songwriters and 2 percent of producers. Women in the music industry face sexual harassment, overt sexualization, and discounting of their work and skills. Okay, so that’s bad. But why aren’t 22 percent of the most-streamed artists female then? Why only 18 percent? Well, it turns out that men listen to 94 percent male artists , mostly because they don’t want to be perceived as too feminine (shame of being perceived as feminine is misogynistic because it is contempt of femininity in at least one context; any man who debates this is kidding himself). Compare this to the listening patterns of women: 55 percent male artists. (I myself listen to 53 percent male artists, mostly because I succumbed to a couple of curated lists by Spotify, and curated lists by streaming services skew male. That’s why I have 100+ playlists entirely of my own making.) Women are more balanced listeners because we have lived without gender privilege and therefore don’t live in fear of losing it (or let it cloud our perception of the world).
So, now that we’ve gone over how unfair this world is, and how terrified men are at being discovered to like the same things we women like, and to have personalities even the slightest bit like ours (how flattering), let’s imagine a better world. A fair world. A world where a woman has no more obstacles to Spotify streaming success than a man does. A world that reflects the scientific absence of a relationship between brain and gender, as well as the scientific absence of a relationship between penis and musical ability, or vagina and musical ability (or Adam’s apple, breasts, facial hair, ovaries, testicles, what have you and musical ability). Drawing from the Top Female Artists playlist, and using a random number generator for fairness, here goes!
1 ) Dua Lipa
2 ) Gunna
3 ) Mac Miller (RIP)
4 ) Lil Uzi Vert
5 ) H.E.R.
6 ) Taylor Swift
7 ) J. Cole
8 ) Jhené Aiko
9 ) Billie Eilish
10 ) Roddy Ricch
11 ) J Balvin
12 ) Melanie Martínez
13 ) Eminem
14 ) Kehlani
15 ) Bad Bunny
16 ) Rihanna
17 ) Doja Cat
18 ) Post Malone
19 ) Pop Smoke
20 ) Ariana Grande
21 ) Lady Gaga
22 ) Luke Combs
23 ) Kanye West
24 ) The Weeknd
25 ) Future
26 ) Summer Walker
27 ) Juice WRLD (RIP)
28 ) Camila Cabello
29 ) Lil Baby
30 ) Megan Thee Stallion
31 ) Drake
32 ) Halsey
33 ) Miley Cyrus
34 ) Travis Scott
35 ) Trippie Redd
36 ) Katy Perry
37 ) Lana Del Rey
38 ) DaBaby
39 ) Khalid
40 ) YoungBoy Never Broke Again
41 ) Beyoncé
42 ) Lizzo
43 ) Justin Bieber
44 ) BTS
45 ) XXXTENTACION (RIP)
46 ) Selena Gómez
47 ) Nicki Minaj
48) Cardi B
49 ) SZA
50 ) Demi Lovato
That’s a good group, right? Happy listening!
But wait, Spotify made a playlist to recognize top female artists, and another one to recognize top male artists, so isn’t that fair? Well, no. It’s better than nothing. But lists and articles that focus exclusively on women in music aren’t enough to change the dynamics of the industry, or male listening habits. They aren’t enough to generate equal revenue for female and male artists. And in fact, they create this illusion that female artists are profoundly different from male ones (you know, different beyond being shorter on average and having higher voices, and the aforementioned penis-vagina thing). They also create an illusion that, because female artists are so different, they can only succeed in female-only spaces — that is, that there is something about female artists that makes them less successful in a male-dominated industry. When the truth is, there is something about male artists that makes female artists less successful in a male-dominated industry, and that something about male artists is what makes the industry male-dominated at all. That something, of course, being the active exclusion, hostility toward, belittlement of, and harassment of female artists, songwriters, and producers.
So what’s needed isn’t a room off to the side for women. What’s needed is to treat the women in the industry with respect, the same level of respect given to men, so that more female artists are signed by record labels and put their music out to the world. Respectful treatment and earnest promotion of female artists, and an absence of double standards in media coverage, would send a signal to male listeners that female artists are good and should be taken seriously, and therefore that liking them is something to be loud and proud of.
When half the artists, songwriters, and producers are female; when half the award winners are female; when every Spotify playlist is half female; and when female artists receive as many streams and the same amount of sales as male artists; that is when we will know this problem is over.
Blissful Style 